Part of the paper deals with the question of 'äqila and its responsibilities, which has definite economic implications. Also proposes insurance to meet any demand for blood-money. Shows that the concept of diya is closely related to the concept of ta'ameen in the Islamic society. A scholarly paper. Based on primary sources. Documented. For jurists and 'ulama'.
Describes the basic philosophy, history and evolution of hisba in Islam. Also discusses functions, duties, qualities and jurisdiction of the hisba. The hisba played an important role in Muslim economies to protect people from the tyrannies of the economically powerful. Suggests a framework for the revival of the institution in the present age. Descriptive. For general readers. Based on primary sources. Documented.